The existing time-division duplex (TDD) and frequency-division duplex (FDD) techniques rely on a guard time and/or a guard band to avoid self-interference (SI) between the uplink and downlink channels. which results in the wastage of precious spectral resources. The full-duplex (FD) schemes of in-band FD (IBFD). as well as multicarrier division duplex (MDD). https://herbsdailyes.shop/product-category/cysteine/